Financials

The direct costs of producing what was sold — raw materials, manufacturing, direct labor.

Profit from core operations after subtracting the cost of revenue and operating expenses like R&D and marketing, but before interest and taxes.

The company's bottom-line profit after all expenses, interest, and taxes are subtracted.

Net income divided by the number of shares outstanding — profit attributable to each share.

Like basic EPS, but accounts for shares that could be created from stock options or convertible securities — a more conservative per-share profit figure.

Cash and highly liquid short-term investments the company can access almost immediately.

Everything the company owns that has value — cash, property, inventory, investments, and more.

All of the company's interest-bearing borrowings, short and long term combined.

What would be left for shareholders if the company sold all its assets and paid off all its debts — total assets minus total liabilities.

Actual cash generated by the core business, as opposed to accounting profit, which can include non-cash items.

Cash spent on physical assets like property, equipment, and infrastructure to maintain or grow the business.

Cash left over after capital expenditures — money the company could use for dividends, buybacks, debt repayment, or reinvestment.